Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 14 DROUGHT STRESS INCREASES THE EXPRESSION OF WHEAT LEAF RIBULOSE- 1, 5- BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/OXYENASE PROTEIN 1 7 2725 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2725 EN R. ASGHARI Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, I. R. of Iran H. EBRAHIMZADEH Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 12 18 The effects of drought stress and exogenous abscisic acid on the expression of ribulose-1, 5- bisphosphate carboxyIase/oxygenase activase (Rubisco activase) were examined in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In response to water stress and abscisic acid, both the levels of endogenous abscisic acid and Rubisco activase increased in the leaves. Immunoblot analysis showed that both drought stress and abscisic acid, increased the amount of a 51KD activase form of the enzyme. In addition, our results from wheat leaves showed that Rubisco activase up regulated under drought stress by increasing the amount of endogenous abscisic acid. Therefore the level of Rubisco activase was dependent on the abscisic acid level. These results are consistent with previous findings that Rubisco activase increases under high temperature stress. These results indicate that the increased rate of activases synthesis may play a role in coping with the decline in photosynthetic capacity under drought stress. Effects of drought stress and abscisic acid and their interaction were highly significant (p<0.01) for all variables.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2725_5f5c6872ad8c748b184fe12da723d3b2.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 KARYOTYPE STUDY IN SOME LATHYRUS L. ACCESSIONS OF IRAN 9 17 2726 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2726 EN A. ARZANI College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2005 02 22 Twenty accessions of cultivated grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and wild species of Lathyrus L. collected from western and southern regions of Iran were evaluated for their mitotic metaphase chromosomal characteristics. All populations comprising 16 populations of cultivated L. sativus and 4 wild populations of Lathyrus L. were diploid, 2n=2x=14 chromosomes. There were significant variations among populations in the number of metacentric, submetacentric and subtelocentric chromosomes, the longest and shortest chromosome lengths, total haploid complement, arm ratios and centromeric index. The karyotypic formula of wild Lathyrus spp. populations were quite varied from those in native grass pea cultivars in having either two or three pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes and accordingly containing one or two metacentric chromosomes. In addition, total chromosome length (TCL) in wild Lathyrus L. accessions was less than those for grass pea populations. The mean length of the largest chromosome differed significantly among populations, with populations 5 having the largest chromosome (7.2μm). The mean length of the shortest chromosome did not differ among populations, with wild populations from Ilam (populations 17, 18 and 19) having the lowest value. The arm ratios and centromeric index (CI) data revealed adverse trends, whilst wild populations of Lathyrus L have the highest arm ratios and the lowest CI values. There were only slight differences in the mean of arm ratios among the native grass pea populations considering a range of 1.3 to 1.9 for this morphological trait.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2726_b5291c93fa5120ab655958b456cff149.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 TOXIC EFFECTS OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF KIWI (ACTINIDIA CHINENSIS) ON HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RAT REPRODUCTIVE TISSUES 19 25 2727 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2727 EN F. DEHGHANI Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Shiraz Medical Sciences University, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran T. TALAEI-KHOZANI 1Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Shiraz Medical Sciences University, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran M. R. PANJEHSHAHIN Medical and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz Medical Sciences University, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran Z. PANAHI Shiraz Medical Sciences University, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 05 29 Hormonally active agents are widespread in the environment and exist in the human diet. There is insufficient knowledge regarding the influence of phytochemicals on the pathophysiology of the male reproductive system. Kiwi is a rich source of phytochemicals such as flavones (with estrogenic activity), serotonin and vitamin C. These components can influence the hormones and interfere with reproductive activities. Therefore, the objective of this project was to determine whether extract of kiwi could change the structure of male reproductive tissues. So, 40 male rats were divided into four groups. Three experimental groups were fed with 75, 100 and 150 mg/kg of kiwi extract and control groups with solvent for 50 days. Then, rats were sacrificed and their testis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, prostate and epididymidis were removed, fixed, processed and stained with H & E and Acridine Orange. The specimens were studied under light and fluorescent microscopes. Histological observations revealed some changes in the structure of testes, but not in the other parts of male reproductive tissues. Some spermatocytes have become fusiform and the number of these cells has been increased, dose dependently. There were many spermatocyes at the metaphase stage, among 100 and 150 mg/kg treated groups; Some of the mitotic figures, sperm, most of the spermatogonia and spermatocytes stained red with Acridine Orange, which indicats denaturation of DNA strands. A few fragmented nuclei were also observed in the 150mg/kg treated group. In conclusion, it seems that extract of kiwi can change the spermatocyte cytoarchitecture and affects the spermatogonia and spermatozoa. It may exert dual effects on the proliferating cells, such as spermatogenesis linage. In low concentrations it could induce proliferation, and in high concentrations, it may lead to cell death and nucleus fragmentation. The extract may elongate the period of the metaphase.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2727_26c97fe51e0d168eb241689ef18f7805.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 TERATOGENIC EFFECTS OF A NEW QUINAZOLINONE DERIVATIVE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BALB/C MICE FETUSES ON DAYS 9 10 AND 11 OF GESTATION 27 34 2729 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2729 EN M. SHAMS LAHIJANI 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. of Iran F. AHMADZADEH Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. of Iran M. DABIRI Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 09 27 For the first time, a spectrum of morphological abnormalities have been produced in developing mouse embryos (N=50), by injecting (IP) 75 and 100 mg/kg of maternal body weight of a new quinazolinone derivative, 4(3H)quinazolinone-2-propyl-2-phenylethyl(QPPE), on days 9, 10 and 11 of gestation. Measurements of the length of the crown-rump (CR), weight of body of the embryos and placenta on day 17 showed significant growth retardation (P<0.05) with day 9 being the critical day. The severity of the changes was dependent on the concentrations of quinazolinone, as higher doses created more abnormal embryos (syndactily, scaphocephaly, exocephaly, microcephaly, acrocephaly, abnormal polarity in lower and upper limbs, deviation of body axis, growth retardation) and placentas. Apparently QPPE acts on organogenesis on a specific phase of the developmental stage by expressing genes regulating mitosis and cell proliferation.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2729_4a72f3f5b0f13b93fb29be3e475dbf57.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 “LAG” A NEW CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR CONCEALED MINERAL EXPLORATION 35 56 2730 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2730 EN S. ALIPOUR Department of Geology, University of Urmia, Urmia, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 02 03 Lag is a general term applied to coarse grained (> 2 mm), hard, but partially weathered rock fragments, which are concentrated at the surface through attrition of finer materials. Based on morphology, mineralogy and the origin of lag from the Cobar region of Australia, lag may be conveniently grouped into three broad morpho-mineralogical categories; (a) those with a rough, blocky, lithic morphology where fabrics of the parent rock are partially preserved and which evolved predominantly in erosional landforms, (b) a smoother pisoid lag, with a well-developed varnish or polished surface, which is most abundant in deeply weathered, erosional and depositional landforms, and (c) a detrital lag evolving in a range of situations and which is generally more abundant in Quaternary modern drainage landforms. Based on chemistry and magnetic character, two distinct types of magnetic and non-magnetic lag are readily recognised. The magnetic type may include both pisoid and occasionally lithic and ferrolithic pregnant with maghemite. Analysis for various trace elements indicates a drastic difference in their chemistry and anomaly detection ability. Magnetic lags contain anomalous Fe, Pb and other heavy metals, while lithics were enriched Cu, Zn and Mn. Spatially, magnetic lag have broader distribution compared to the lithic fraction, which is concentrated close to its original source. These unique characters of lag, revealing weak anomalies in covered surfaces and its abundance in relation to the erosional and depositional landforms, make them a preferred sampling media in geochemical exploration. The chemical data suggest that the magnetic lag fraction is more useful in reconnaissance exploration, and non-magnetics for follow-up work to locate mineralisation, which may justify partitioning a lag sample prior to analysis.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2730_b71822ae429b961b0da609ed357091f2.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF CADMIUM ON THE GROWTH RATE AND BETA-CAROTENE SYNTHESIS IN UNICELLULAR GREEN ALGAE DUNALIELLA SALINA 57 63 2731 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2731 EN M. SHARIATI Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I. R. of Iran S. YAHYAABADI Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 09 19 The individual effects of cadmium concentrations (0, 0.005, 0.05and 0.5 mg. L-1) on the growth (cell number and chlorophyll content) and beta-carotene synthesis of two strains (Iranian and Australian) of green algae D.salina have been studied for a duration of 36 days. The effects of these cadmium concentrations on the amount of cell magnesium and calcium have also been evaluated. An increase in cadmium concentration resulted in a significant reduction in the cell number and chlorophyll content of D. salina. In comparison with control, in both strains, the increase of beta-carotene content of cells was observed in the first few days of the experiment, moreover, the amount of magnesium and calcium in cells decreased. The results indicated that the addition of 0.5 mg. L-1 of cadmium in the medium results in a 50 percent reduction in cell number after 96h. The decrease in growth rate and the increase in beta-carotene content of cells is probably due to the formation of free radicals and deficiency of essential elements such as magnesium and calcium, which is caused by high concentrations of cadmium in the medium.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2731_3ce5e13407428278bc88791dbf58af50.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 THE CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF 2-HYDROXYBENZYALDEHYDE O, O (1, 4-DIOXOBUTANE-1, 4-DIYL) OXIME, C16H13N2O6 65 69 2732 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2732 EN B. ETEMADI 1Dept. of Earth Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran, A. TAEB Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I. R. of Iran H. SHARGHI Dept. of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran A. TAJARODI Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I. R. of Iran M. HOSSEINI Dept. of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 08 28 C16H13N2O6, Mr=239.30, Monoclinic, P21/n, a=7.6088(3), b=9.0108 (4), c=11.2161(6) 􀁄A , β =100.3633(4) 􀁄 , V=759.90(6) 􀁄A 3, Z=2, Dx=1.446g/cm3, Dm=1.450g/cm3, λ (MoKα )=0.71007 􀁄A, T=293K, R=0.044, Rw=0.043 for 1295 observed reflections. The crystals were prepared by slow evaporation technique. A directed hydrogen bond is associated with the asymmetric part of the molecule between O1---H1 ... N1 of 2.601 􀁄A . The ring system is planar and the molecules are held together by vander Waals forces.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2732_354aa16c3c7a942126644c7406880a89.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 SURVIVAL AND ACTIVITY OF LUX-MARKED PHENANTHRENE-DEGRADING PSEUDOMONAS STUTZERI P16 UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS 71 80 2733 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2733 EN M. MASHREGHI Biotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. of Iran, J. I. PROSSER Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK Journal Article 2004 09 27 Viable cell concentration and luminescence activity of P. stutzeri P16 luxAB4 was measured by plate counting and luminometery in sterile and non-sterile soil adjusted to matric potential of -1500, -750 and -30 kPa. Results showed that matric potential had a significant effect on survival and activity of P. stutzeri P16 luxAB4 in soil. P. stutzeri P16 luxAB4 could survive better in Hutner’s minimal medium supplemented with 1mg l-1 phenanthrene than 1 mg ml-1. However changes in viable cell concentration and luminescence activity of lux-marked and wild type strains of P. stutzeri P16 were significantly different in Hutner’s medium, amended with high and low concentrations of phenanthrene. Inoculation of soil with high concentrations of phenanthrene caused an initial decline in the viable cell concentration of P. stutzeri P16 luxAB4 that took a longer time than liquid medium. Changes in viable cell concentration were similar to changes in luminescence indicating the advantage of Bioluminescence-marker systems for monitoring the survival and activity of biodegradative genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) in polluted environments. Our results also showed the importance of influence of environmental factors such as matric potential and pollutant concentration on the fate of GEMs.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2733_a1be624d4dd004af83ac005455bc4373.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN ELEVEN CANOLA (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) CULTIVARS 81 90 2734 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2734 EN M. SHEIDAI 1 Biology Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. of Iran Z. NOORMOHAMADI Genetic Department, Tarbeiyat Modarres University, Tehran, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 10 23 Meiotic study was performed in 11 Brassica napus cultivars considering chiasma frequency and distribution, chromosome pairing, as well as the occurrence of B-chromosomes and their effects on chiasma frequency. Such cytogenetic pairing, along with agronomic characteristics, may be used in planning hybridization among the B. napus cultivars. All the cultivars studied possessed n=19 chromosome number (4x) and showed a deviant course of prophase-I meiosis with a synezetic knot and post pachytene diffuse stage. Chromosome stickiness occurred in most of the cultivars from early prophase to late telophase-II leading to the formation of laggard chromosomes and micronuclei. The cultivars studied differed significantly in chiasma frequency and distribution as well as bivalent formation, indicating their genomic differences. Cluster analysis and ordination based on principal components analysis grouped those cultivars showing meiotic similarities. Some of the cultivars showed the occurrence of B-chromosomes.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2734_33f97fd1808f2b6e99112b5585360d87.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 IDENTIFICATION AND GENETIC VARIATION OF FUSARIUM SPECIES IN ISFAHAN, IRAN, UNING PECTIC ZYMOGRAM TECHNIQUE 91 102 2735 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2735 EN G. R BALALI Deparment of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I. R. of Iran M. IRANPOOR Deparment of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 09 26 The genus Fusarium is a species rich genus. Different media are required to study the morphological characters and classify different species, a time consuming technique. In this study pectic zymograms were used to identify species and form species of Fusarium isolates. Fusarium isolates (318) were obtained from different areas and hosts in Isfahan Province, Iran. Isolates were identified to species based on morphological characters. A pectic enzyme solution was prepared for each isolate using liquid media containing citrus pectin as the sole carbon source. Electrophoresis was performed using acrylamide gel containing 0.2% citrus pectin as the enzyme substrate. The gels were incubated in 0.1M malic acid before staining overnight in 0.02% ruthenium red, to visualize enzyme electrophoretic patterns. Several zymogram phenotypes were obtained for polygalacturonase and pectin esterase. In total, 12 zymogram patterns were determined for the 318 isolates tested. The results showed that there is considerable intraspecific variation in Fusarium species. There were 3, 5 and 2 zymogram electrophoretic patterns for Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani and F. culmorum respectively. However, there was only one zymogram pattern for F. subglutinans and also one for F. equiseti. Although the intraspecific variation based on pectic zymograms was not correlated to the form species of Fusarium, species of Fusarium could be distinguished using this technique as there was no common zymogram pattern among species.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2735_400750634344d44fbf60844152a84f77.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 CHROMOSOME PAIRING AND HETEROZYGOTE TRANSLOCATION IN OLTAN COTTON CULTIVAR AND ITS CROSSING PROGENIES 103 109 2737 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2737 EN M. SHEIDAI Biology Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, I. R. of Iran A. GOLESTANIPOOR Biology Department, Sistan & Baloochestan University, Zabole, I. R. of Iran E. JORJANI Biology Department, Sistan & Baloochestan University, Zabole, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 11 15 A cytogenetic study was performed on 11 tetraploid cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum L.) including the Oltan cultivar and its crossing progenies. The chromosome pairing and chiasma frequency, as well as meiotic abnormalities were compared among the genotypes studied. Heterozygote translocations with alternate orientation were observed between some of the chromosomes of the A genome and those of D genome in some of the cultivars, which may bring about new genetic rearrangement to be used in breeding programs. Meiotic abnormalities including formation of laggard chromosome, stickiness, as well as disorganized chromosomes occurred in some of the cultivars, which may cause pollen sterility. Bchromosomes were observed in some of the cultivars. The cultivars studied differed significantly in their cytogenetic characteristics, partly indicating their genomic differences, which may be used in cotton breeding.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2737_8a188ddaa9ed5814362ff82f6b2d7ae2.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 FLUORINE AND CHLORINE IN BIOTITE FROM THE SARNWOSAR GRANITIC ROCKS, NORTHEASTERN IRAN 111 125 2738 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2738 EN M. BOOMERI Dept. of Geology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, I. R. of Iran T. MIZUTA Institute of Applied Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan D. ISHIYAMA Institute of Applied Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan K. NAKASHIMA Dept. of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ymagata University, Yamagata, Japan Journal Article 2004 09 25 The late Eocene-early Oligocene Sarnowsar granitic rocks and many dacitic to rhyolitic dykes intruded in metamorphosed and metasomatized shale, sandstone, calcite and dolomite marbles and volcaniclastic and pyroclastic rocks. As a result several million tons of iron ores formed within carbonate rocks in the Sangan area. The Sarnowsar granitic rocks are mainly granite to granodiorite, metaluminous, I type and high calc-alkaline. Fluorine contents in the biotite range from 0.37 to 4.4 wt. % and Cl contents range from 0.1 to 0.30 wt. %. Fluorine contents in the biotite are negatively correlated with XTi, while Cl contents positively correlated with XMg and XSi. Values of the calculated log (ƒH2O/ƒHF) and log (ƒH2O/ƒHCl) of fluid in equilibrium with the chemical composition of biotite range from 3.38 to 4.43 and 0.57 to 1.2, respectively. The contour lines representing log (ƒH2O/ƒHF) and log (ƒH2O/ƒHCl) values are different with the slope of the trend of biotite composition suggesting that, in addition to chemical structure of biotite, the fluid composition also plays some role in the incorporation of F, and especially Cl in biotite. The F intercept values for biotite in the Sarnowsar granitic rocks are similar to those of igneous rocks and porphyry Cu ore deposits. The Cl intercept values of biotite in the Sarnowsar granitic rocks are similar to those of hydrothermal and ore forming systems. The data suggest that chlorine intercept values for biotite from the Sangan deposit tend to be more Cl rich than comparable values from biotites in common igneous rocks. F-rich biotites and F-poor biotites from the Sangan deposit show similar and narrow ranges of F/Cl intercept values corresponding to Cl-rich and oreforming systems such as porphyry copper deposits. Therefore, the chemical composition of biotite from the Sarnowsar granitic rocks interacted with hydrothermal solutions.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2738_f090301a802409326bd5e1666a5b52e4.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 THE OCCURRENCE AND ORIGIN OF ATOLL GARNET IN HORNBLENDE SCHISTS FROM THE CONTACT AUREOLE OF THE MASHHAD GRANITE, NE IRAN 127 132 2740 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2740 EN S. M. HOMAM Faculty of Earth Sciences, Damghan University of Basic Sciences Cheshmeh-Ali Road Damghan, I. R. of Iran Journal Article 2004 05 09 The formation of atoll garnet in hornblende schists from the contact aureole of Mashhad granite, NE Iran, is discussed using textural and chemical data. These data suggest the possibility of incipient replacement of pre-existing idioblastic garnet from the core. In addition, the presence of chlorite and calcite in the core of atoll garnet reveal the retrograde nature of atoll formation.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2740_16f21a0f5827d7126f8278eaec0482d4.pdf

Springer Iranian Journal of Science 2731-8095 30 1 2006 02 12 EMBRYONIC SURFACE CILIATED CELLS IN ELEUTHERODACTYLUS URICHI (ANURA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE) 133 137 2742 10.22099/ijsts.2006.2742 EN M. NOKHBATOLFOGHAHAI Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, I. R. of Iran, 71454 Journal Article 2005 01 30 While our knowledge of anuran embryonic and larval surface ciliation and their diversity of ciliation patterns are significant, very few references were noticed on embryonic ciliation in direct-developing anurans, such as species in the genus Eleutherodactylus. Eleutherodactylus urichi embryos were found to have surface ciliated cells during much of their development until a few days before hatching. Ciliation was most prominent on the pharyngeal region and on the tail fins, both regions believed to have a respiratory role, and supporting the hypothesis that embryonic ciliation in amphibians serves principally to aid respiration by moving intracapsular fluid. The limb-buds were also well ciliated, an evolutionary novelty since in most anurans with a tadpole stage, surface ciliation regresses before limbs show significant development.

https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2742_b48996133ac6f8ea6f2f669543e84098.pdf