Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Subdıvısıons of the spectra for cesaro, rhaly and weighted mean operators on c0 ,c and ℓp
175
183
EN
R. Kh.
Amirov
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
N.
Durna
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
M.
Yildirim
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2140
There are many different ways to subdivide the spectrum of a bounded linear operator; some of them are<br />motivated by applications to physics (in particular, quantum mechanics). In this study, the relationship between<br />the subdivisions of spectrum which are not required to be disjoint and Goldberg's classification are given.<br />Moreover, these subdivisions for some summability methods are studied.
Spectrum,fine spectrum,approximate point spectrum,defect spectrum,compression spectrum,weighted mean operators,Rhaly operators,Cesáro operators
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2140.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2140_19461ed8a7a9811825fdac2d5d4a7ba2.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Analytical and numerical solutions of different parabolic heat equations presented in the form of multi-term fractional differential equations
185
192
EN
M.
Kazemi
Mathematics Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
kazemi@um.ac.ir
G. H.
Erjaee
Mathematics Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
erjaee@shirazu.ac.ir
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2141
In this article, we study the analytical solutions of different parabolic heat equations with different boundary<br />conditions in the form of multi-term fractional differential equations. Then we compare these analytical solutions with numerical finite difference methods. This comparison demonstrates the accuracy of the analytical and numerical methods presented here.
Parabolic heat equations,fractional differential equations,finite difference methods
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2141.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2141_990b386d1a2bdf51fd3ed9df07970d47.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
On the Goursat problem for a linear partial differential equation
193
199
EN
A.
Maher
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Egypt
a_maher69@yahoo.com
Ye. A.
Utkina
Department of Differential Equations, Kazan State University, Kazan, 420008, Russia
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2142
In this paper, the Goursat problem of a general form for a linear partial differential equation is investigated with the help of the Riemann function method. Some results are given concerning the existence and uniqueness for the solution of the suggested problem.
General form partial differential equation,goursat problem,Riemann function
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2142.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2142_fa8e1a49e0ff6f117cb18ebc80686e1b.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
New scheme of nuclide and nuclear binding energy from quark-like model
201
208
EN
N.
Ghahramany
Physics Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
ghahramany@susc.ac.ir,
Sh.
Gharaati
Physic Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
M.
Ghanaatian
Physics Department, Payame $oor University, Jahrom, Iran
H.
Hora
Department of Theoretical Physics, University of $ew South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2143
Following our previous presentation of a new three-fold symmetry for derivation of the magic numbers of nuclei based upon a quark state model of nuclei, here the nuclear binding energy is obtained from such new perspective. From this point of view, since each nucleon is made of three quarks, the binding energy of nuclei contains a volume term proportional to 3A (A is mass number). By considering the asymmetry in the number of up and down quarks and also coulomb correction, a new formula is presented that calculates the nuclear binding energy in terms of only $ and Z numbers for most of the stable nuclides.<br />PACS: 21.10.Dr, 21.90.+90, 21.10.-K, 12.38.Mh, 12.90.+b
Nuclear binding energy,Quark model,nuclear structure
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2143.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2143_7742fce0a4f2102b4acd6f3ca8559585.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Common fixed points of jointly asymptotically nonexpansive mappings
209
216
EN
M.
Abbas
Department of Mathematics, Lahore University of Management Sciences, 54792-Lahore, Pakistan
H.
Khan
Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2144
A definition of two jointly asymptotically nonexpansive mappings S and T on uniformly convex Banach space E is studied to approximate common fixed points of two such mappings through weak and strong convergence of an Ishikawa type iteration scheme generated by S and T on a bounded closed and convex subset of E. As a consequence of the notion of two jointly asymptotically nonexpansive maps, we can relax the very commonly used strong condition “F(S) and F(T) has a nonempty intersection” with the weaker assumption “either F(S) is nonempty or F(T) is nonempty”. Our convergence results are refinements and generalizations of several recent results from the current literature
Jointly asymptotically nonexpansive mapping,common fixed point,weak and strong convergence,iteration scheme,Condition (A*)
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2144.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2144_0993a30e777482d60b47b9c699b47f6a.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Atom-Photon Thermal Entanglement in Nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings Models
217
222
EN
A.
Keshavarz
Physics Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
M. M.
Golshan
Physics Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
golshan@susc.ac.ir
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2145
In this work we investigate the thermal entanglement between two-level atoms and photons in a nonlinear cavity. We consider intensity-dependent couplings and calculate the negativity, as a measure of atom-photon<br />entanglement. The cavity is assumed to be at a temperature T, so that all number of photons, and at the same time, both atomic states, with definite probabilities, are present. We then demonstrate a condition under which the intensity-dependent coupling leads to entanglement. It is also shown that, as in the case of linear Jaynes- Cummings model, the thermal states of atoms and photons are never separable.
Thermal entanglement,atom-photon,nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2145.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2145_23f4a1b04ffa80c9e5a9e36cbe6e2175.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Function spaces on tensor product of semigroups
223
228
EN
H.
Rahimi
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, P. O. Box 13185/768, Tehran, Iran
rahimi@iauctb.ac.ir
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2146
In this paper, we characterize the function space and -space of the [topological] tensor product of [topological]<br />semigroups. As a consequence, for arbitrary [topological] groups and , it will be shown that is an<br />extension of by a proper normal subgroup N i,e. <br /><br /><br /> .
topological semigroup,compactification,tensor product
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2146.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2146_fd1c86c7c654abae17772cd7ea9c1636.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Evolutionary analysis of genes involved in cement gland development in anurans
229
234
EN
M.
Nokhbatolfoghahai
Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
nokhbeh@hotmail.com
P.
Tsimbouri
Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Molecular Cell & Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
J. B.
Wilson
College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
J. R.
Downie
Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2147
The cement gland (CG) is a transient organ, found in most anuran embryos and early larvae and located normally on the front of the head. Its sticky secretion allows newly hatched larvae to attach to the egg jelly or to another support later and remain hidden and stationary until feeding starts. Our ultrastructural studies showed that prominence structure of the CG in some species exists, but is lacking in some others. Previous work has shown that a large number of genes have a role in CG development in Xenopus laevis. The aim of the present study is to find out whether the loss of cement gland formation for those species studied here occurs because of missing genes or for other reasons.<br />In order to test whether some of these genes are present in other anuran species, especially in those where the CG does not form, genomic DNAs were examined for sequence similarity by low stringency hybridization. Sequences from three different genes with a role in controlling CG development in Xenopus (otx-2, xcg-1 and xag-1) were individually hybridised with genomic DNA of four species of anurans (X. laevies, Leptodactylus fuscus, Phyllomedusa trinitatis and Physalaemus pustulosus) and one species of rodent (Muss musculus domesticus strain C57Bl/ 6). The results showed that Xenopus probes can detect the presence of potential homologues of all three genes in the different species. For the two genes most specifically involved in CG development, xcg-1 and xag-1, both are clearly present, even in the two species which lack CG development, though in one of these, P. trinitatis, xag-1 shows considerable difference from the other species. At this stage, we can conclude that the missing cement gland for those species studied here is not due to a lack of the genes responsible for the gland development.<br />In order to carry this work further, in situ hybridisation should be used to determine the actual expression patterns of these genes.
Cement gland,gene controlling,evolution, amphibian,transient organ,morphogenesis
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2147.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2147_e8e3f6e1ff6d1b8d4d1f67cbba0a4a56.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Green and efficient synthesis of azo Schiff bases
235
242
EN
M.
Zarei
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas 71961, Iran
A.
Jarrahpour
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
jarrah@susc.ac.ir
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2148
Pure azo Schiff bases were readily and conveniently accessible in high yields by mixing of the reagents either as aqueous slurry, or by grinding at room temperature. This method, unlike a classical method, needs neither harsh conditions nor organic solvents. The satisfactory results were obtained with excellent yields, short reaction time, and operational simplicity in the experimental procedure. Comparison of time and yield in this green method with the classical methods is also performed.
Azo Schiff bases,imines,Solvent-free,Green chemistry,grinding
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2148.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2148_ece97e26ba880852b5c28c83bdeefbd3.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
35
3
2011
09
16
Foliar anatomy of the genus Potentilla L. (ROSACEAE) in Iran and its taxonomic implication
243
256
EN
M. B.
Faghir
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
marziehfaghir@yahoo.com
F.
Attar
Central Herbarium of Tehran University, School of Biology, University College of Science Tehran, Iran
B.
Ertter
University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-2465, USA
10.22099/ijsts.2011.2149
Leaf anatomy of 27 species of Potentilla L. (Rosaceae), representing 9 sections and four related genera, especially Tylosperma Botsch., Schistophyllidium (Juz. ex Fed.) Ikonn., Drymocallis Fourr. ex Rydb., and Sibbaldia L. from Iran were studied using light microscopy. The most outstanding characters of blade and midrib were measured. The result revealed a number of taxonomically important characters e.g., trichome types, stomata positions, mesophyll types, crystals location and vascular bundle shape. Three types of stomata, two main types of mesophyll and two main types of vascular bundles were identified. Leaf anatomical evidence is of taxonomic value and reflect the ecological differences in the studied species.
leaf anatomy,Potentilla L,Rosaceae,Iran
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2149.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2149_cf626b4faec67618b8c41f8f03007f5a.pdf