Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of some Lamiaceae species
1
9
EN
Sevil
Albayrak
Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,Turkey
salbayrak@erciyes.edu.tr
Ahmet
Aksoy
Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,Turkey
sevilalba@gmail.com
Songul
Albayrak
Ulubey Vocational College, Ordu University, 52850 Ordu, Turkey
Osman
Sagdic
Department of Food Engineering, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty,
Yıldız Teknik University, 34210 İstanbul, Turkey
osagdic@yildiz.edu.tr
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1529
The methanolic extracts, infusions, decoctions and hydrosols of six plants were investigated for their total <br />phenolic contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities: <br /><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;"><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;">Mentha piperita </span></em></span></em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">(Peppermint), </span></span><em></em> <br /><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;">Thymus vulgaris</span></em> <br /> <br />(thyme), <br /><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;"><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;">Melissa officinalis </span></em></span></em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">(lemon balm), </span></span><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;"><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;">Ocimum basilicum </span></em></span></em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">(basil), </span></span><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;"><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman,Italic; font-size: xx-small;">Rosmarinus officinalis </span></em></span></em> <br /><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">(rosemary) and</span> <br /> <br /> <br />Salvia officinalis <br /> <br /> <br /><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">(sage) (Lamiaceae). Total phenolic contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and</span> <br />ranged from 111.03 ± 0.6 (sage methanolic extract) to 19.07 ± 0.0 mg (basil methanolic extract) gallic acid <br /> <br />equivalent /g extract. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods, DPPH and phosphomolybdenum <br /> <br />assays. The decoction of rosemary showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC <br /> <br /><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">50 </span></span> <br /><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">= 8.36 μg/mL). The</span> <br />methanolic extract of Peppermint showed the highest total antioxidant activity (241.85 ± 1.9 mg ascorbic acid <br /> <br />equivalent /g extract) measured by phosphomolybdenum assay. The antimicrobial activities of herbs were tested <br />against eight bacteria and two yeasts. <br /> <br />
antimicrobial activity,Antioxidant activity,DPPH,Lamiaceae,phenolics
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1529.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1529_a25cd2f632d65a8d4ad1771673b16d92.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Hydrothermal garnet in porphyry copper related skarn deposits, Ali-Abad, Yazd Province, Iran
11
22
EN
B.
Taghipour
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
taghipour@shirazu.ac.ir
F.
Moore
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
M. A.
Mackizadeh
Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
S.
Taghipour
Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1530
The Ali-Abad porphyry copper deposit is located in the Central Iranian magmatic belt. As a result of subduction <br />magmatism, Oligo-Miocene leucogranitoid rocks have intruded into conglomerates of lower Cretaceous age. Due <br />to contact metamorphism the following mineral assemblage has occurred in the altered conglomerate: Garnet <br />(andradite-grossular) + epidote+ quartz + calcite + pyrite Skarnification have only occurred in reactive carbonate <br />clasts of the conglomerates. Chemical composition of garnets and classic discrimination scheme imply the <br />porphyry copper related skarn-type mineralization. Garnets are characterized by abrupt chemical zoning area and <br />thin bands. REE pattern of skarn garnet and host granite have similar trends, so it is concluded that garnets are <br />hydrothermal in origin. The garnet mineralization episode occurred during skarnification, giving hydrothermal <br />fluid temperatures of 422-472 ºC, likely this episode corresponds to the fluid boiling and high <br /><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">f</span></em></span></em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">O</span></span><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><br /><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;">of garnet</span> <br />forming processes in the skarn system. Probably, the temporal decrease of hydrothermal fluid pressure led to rapid <br /> <br />growths of andradite zones i.e., extensive hydrofracturing, porosity of conglomerate could be the dominant <br /> <br />conditions which led to boiling of hydrothermal fluids and precipitation of andradite garnet. <br /> <br />
Garnet,skarn,copper deposit,hydrothermal fluids
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1530.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1530_c63e0484a7f0f676d7f3bec8461ee45b.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Solution of time fractional diffusion equations using a semi-discrete scheme and collocation method based on Chebyshev polynomials
23
28
EN
H.
Azizi
Department of Mathematics, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
B.
Loghmani
Department of Mathematics, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
loghmani@yazduni.ac.ir
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1531
In this paper, a new numerical method for solving time-fractional diffusion equations is introduced. For this <br />purpose, finite difference scheme for discretization in time and Chebyshev collocation method is applied. Also, to <br />simplify application of the method, the matrix form of the suggested method is obtained. Illustrative examples <br />show that the proposed method is very efficient and accurate.
Time fractional diffusion equation,finite difference,collocation,Chebyshev polynomials
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1531.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1531_166076673de2c96ebd7408cc881964b4.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Calculation of exposure buildup factors for point isotropic gamma ray sources in stratified spherical shields of water surrounded by lead and optimization of water-lead combination
29
34
EN
A.
Shirani
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT)
P.O. Box: 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran
shirani@cc.iut.ac.ir
M. H
Alamatsaz
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT)
P.O. Box: 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1534
Exposure buildup factors have been calculated by Monte Carlo method for point isotropic gamma ray sources, <br />penetrating a two-layer spherical shield of water surrounded by lead, and the effect of bremsstrahlung radiation on <br />buildup factors has, in particular, been investigated, the results of which are in good agreement with previous <br />works. The buildup factors were then calculated for various combinations of water and lead layers at some gamma <br />ray energy points in the range from 0.04 MeV to 10 MeV and for shield thicknesses from 1 to 10 mean free paths <br />(mfp). From the results obtained, one can select the proper (or optimum) water and lead combination which results <br />in minimum value of buildup factor for a two-layer water-lead shield of a given thickness (in mfp) at each energy <br />point. Here the optimization analysis has been performed for a shield of 10 mfp thick at gamma ray energies from <br />0.04 MeV to 10 MeV.
Stratified shields,Monte Carlo simulation,buildup factors,bremsstrahlung radiation
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1534.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1534_0efba051d402694fa071892d688e992b.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Simultaneous control of linear systems by Genetic Algorithms in state and output feedback
35
43
EN
F.
Saadatjoo
Department of Computer Engineering, Institute for Higher Education of ACECR, Yazd, Iran
V.
Derhami
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
S. M.
Karbassi
Department of mathematics, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1535
In this paper, Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are employed to control simultaneous linear systems in both state and <br />output feedback. First, the similarity transformation is applied to obtain parameterized controllers. This requires <br />solution of a system of equations and also some non-linear inequalities. GAs are used to solve these equations and <br />inequalities. Therefore, the paper presents an analytical method for finding parameterized controllers and employs <br />a numerical method to enhance the solution. Three numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness <br />of the method and to compare the results with previous results.
Linear Systems,Genetic algorithms,simultaneous control,Optimization,eigenvalue assignment
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1535.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1535_069b44987586d009558ec13e90ebff2b.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
A study on Chironomid larvae (Insecta- Diptera) of
Golpayegan River (Isfahan-Iran) at generic level
45
52
EN
M.
Ebrahimnezhad
Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
E.
Allahbakhshi
Department of Biology, Izeh branch, Islamic Azad University, Izeh, Iran
eallahbakhshi@yahoo.com
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1536
Little is known about Chironomidae in Iran. This article is the second one on chironomid larval identification in
running waters of Iran. Samples were collected from five sites in the Golpayegan River, (Isfahan-Iran), about 55
km along the river course. The sampling was done four times: February and November 2003, May and July 2004.
Samples were hand sorted in the laboratory and the larvae identified at generic level, using available identification
keys. Thirty five genera were identified in four subfamilies, including Chironominae (15 genera), Orthocladinae
(13 genera), Tanypodinae (5 genera) and Diamesinae (2 genera). 17 genera of these are reported from the
Golpayegan River for the first time.
Chironomidae,chironomid genera,Golpayegan River,Iran
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1536.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1536_a2be4033291074fed7aea0aeb2be6283.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Chebyshev cardinal functions: An effective tool for solving nonlinear Volterra and Fredholm integro-differential equations of fractional order
53
62
EN
S.
Irandoust-pakchin
Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences,
University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
H.
Kheiri
Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences,
University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
h-kheiri@tabrizu.ac.ir
S.
Abdi-mazraeh
Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences,
University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1537
A computational method for numerical solution of a nonlinear Volterra and Fredholm integro-differential<br />equations of fractional order based on Chebyshev cardinal functions is introduced. The Chebyshev cardinal<br />operational matrix of fractional derivative is derived and used to transform the main equation to a system of<br />algebraic equations. Some examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique.
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1537.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1537_0d94383cb154095966e774a0c20d4391.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
The response of anther and pollen development, pollen cellular material release and pollen proteins to air pollution in Petunia hybrida Juss. (Solanaceae)
63
68
EN
F.
Rezanejad
Department of Biology, Shahid Bahounar University, Kerman, Iran
frezanejad@uk.ac.ir
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1538
The study aimed to investigate the microsporogenesis, tapetum and pollen development in Petunia hybrida Juss.<br />under control and air pollution condition. The connective shows a well-developed placentoid, giving the<br />sporogenous tissue a crescent-shape. The sporogenous tissue of each of the four anther locules is surrounded by<br />dimorphic tapetum. The outer (towards the epidermis) and inner (towards the connective) tapetal layers differ in<br />shape, staining intensity and degree of vacuolization. During microsporogenesis and pollen maturation, the<br />tapetum undergoes several changes and ultimately degenerates after pollen mitosis. The tapetum is the secretory<br />type. Microsporogenesis with simultaneous cytokinesis forms tetrahedral tetrads of microspores. Mature pollen<br />grains are prolate, tricolporate/tricolporoidate with furrows disposed along the polar axis and three lowly<br />developed pores with striate-reticulate sculpture. Under air pollution, microsporogenesis was normal till tetrad<br />stage. After this stage, some tetrahedral tetrads were still present and some pollen grains were irregular shaped,<br />shrunk and fragile. Some tapetal cells were smaller and the number of their nuclei was less compared to those of<br />the control. Cellular material release was higher in polluted pollen. SDS-PAGE pattern in polluted pollen did not<br />show significant difference compared to the control.
Airborne particulate material (APM),connective,microsporogenesis,protein bands,Tapetum
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1538.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1538_d6b09182523df059f96601f90a588c63.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Geometrical Categories of Generalized Lie Groups and Lie Group-Groupoids
69
73
EN
M. R.
Farhangdoost
Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, P.O. Box 71457- 44776, Shiraz, Iran
farhang@shirazu.ac.ir
T.
Nasirzade
Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, P.O. Box 71457- 44776, Shiraz, Iran
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1539
In this paper we construct the category of coverings of fundamental generalized Lie group-groupoid associated<br />with a connected generalized Lie group. We show that this category is equivalent to the category of coverings of a<br />connected generalized Lie group. In addition, we prove the category of coverings of generalized Lie groupgroupoid<br />and the category of actions of this generalized Lie group-groupoid on a connected generalized Lie group<br />are equivalent.
Lie groupoid,Lie group,Generalized Lie group,Homotopy of topological groups
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1539.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1539_d2b3b087ae633e4d8582ad88e3e085ed.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for synthesis of 14-aryl- and 14-alkyl-14-H-dibenzo [a,j]xanthenes under solvent-free conditions
75
82
EN
H.
Hashemi
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 75454, Iran
R.
Sardarian
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 75454, Iran
sardarian@susc.ac.ir
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1540
14-Aryl- and 14-alkyl-14-H-dibenzo [a,j]xanthenes are prepared from the reaction of aromatic- and aliphatic<br />aldehydes with β-naphthol in the presence of catalytic amounts of 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid(DBSA) as a<br />surfactant-type Brønsted acid catalyst in toluene and under solvent-free conditions in excellent yields and short<br />reaction times. The catalyst was recovered and reused for five successive times without considerable loss in its<br />activity.
4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA),β-Naphthol,Benzoxanthenes,Solvent-free
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1540.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1540_48c23fbc33b67ab2bcfd59033e7f40d2.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Analytical approximate solutions of fractionel convection-diffusion equation with modified Riemann-Liouville derivative by means of fractional variational iteration method
83
92
EN
M.
Merdan
Department of Mathematical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Gumushane University 29100, Gumushane, Turkey
mmerdan@gumushane.edu.tr
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1541
In this article, an analytical approximate solution of nonlinear fractional convection-diffusion with modified<br />Riemann-Liouville derivative was obtained with the help of fractional variational iteration method (FVIM). A new<br />application of fractional variational iteration method (FVIM) was extended to derive analytical solutions in the<br />form of a series for this equation. It is indicated that the solutions obtained by the FVIM are reliable and an<br />effective method for strongly nonlinear partial equations with modified Riemann-Liouville derivative.
Fractional variational iteration method,fractional convection-diffusion equation,Riemann-Liouville
derivative
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1541.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1541_68cbfc71d1d42e09a2ed01df92adea29.pdf
Springer
Iranian Journal of Science
2731-8095
2731-8109
37
1
2013
03
01
Heteroalkyl oxime derivative can cause damage to bacterial DNA
93
97
EN
K.
Abdolahi
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
S.
Mohsenzadeh
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
mohsenzadeh@susc.ac.ir
H.
Mohabatkar
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies,
University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Z.
Faghih
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
A.
Khalafi-Nezhad
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
10.22099/ijsts.2013.1542
The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of a hetroalkyl oximec synthetic compound<br />derivative (Benzophenone O-4-bromoethyl oxime) against two gram positive and three gram negative bacteria.<br />The antibacterial characteristic of this compound was shown using the circular zone diameter of bacterial growth<br />inhibition by disk-diffusion method. In addition, the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique<br />using twenty-three primers was performed to investigate the DNA polymorphism of bacteria that were affected by<br />the synthetic chemical drug. Among these, only 18 primers were found efficient for reproducible banding pattern.<br />Disappearance or appearance of bands between controls and treatments confirm rearrangements and DNA<br />damages in the priming binding sites of bacterial genome. The results show that the RAPD method can be a useful<br />identification tool for studying the DNA polymorphism created by synthetic chemical drugs. The results obtained<br />with this technique showed significant differences between the RAPD profiles.
Antibacterial,DNA polymorphism,RAPD,synthetic drug
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1542.html
https://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1542_4b227803b2f363c329969efe10bcdc07.pdf